How many chromosomes does a human zygote consist of?

A human zygote consists of 46 chromosomes, which are arranged in 23 pairs. When the sperm and egg fuse during fertilization, each contributes 23 chromosomes, resulting in a total of 46. These 46 chromosomes include 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, which determine the biological sex of the individual.

The correct information is that the zygote has 23 pairs of chromosomes, making option C accurate in the context of emphasizing the paired structure. Each pair consists of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father, forming a complete set necessary for normal development.

Understanding chromosome numbers is crucial in women's health and pediatrics, as chromosomal abnormalities can lead to various genetic conditions and affect both pregnancy and child development.