What is a common physiological change noted during pelvic examination of a pregnant woman?

During a pelvic examination of a pregnant woman, Chadwick's sign is a common physiological change that can be observed. Chadwick's sign refers to the bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia due to increased blood flow and vascularity resulting from hormonal changes during pregnancy. This sign typically appears around six to eight weeks of gestation and can be an early indicator of pregnancy.

In contrast, a firm cervix is often associated with non-pregnant states or luteal phase changes rather than pregnancy. An open cervical os is more characteristic of later stages of labor rather than early pregnancy, when the cervix remains closed to support the developing fetus. Pale vaginal mucosa is generally not associated with pregnancy; instead, increased vascularity and blood flow during pregnancy tend to result in a more robust appearance of the vaginal tissues. These distinctions reinforce the relevance of Chadwick's sign as a significant indicator during the pelvic examination in pregnant patients.