Which is considered the first-line therapy for pediculosis capitis in children?

Permethrin cream rinse (Nix) is recognized as the first-line therapy for pediculosis capitis, commonly known as head lice, in children. This topical treatment works by disrupting the nervous system of the lice, leading to their paralysis and death. It is effective, easy to use, and has a favorable safety profile, making it suitable for children.

Lindane, while it was once used, is generally not recommended anymore because of potential neurotoxicity and concerns about its safety profile, especially in young children. Malathion is another treatment option, but it is often reserved for cases where other treatments have failed due to its stronger formulation and special applicator requirements. Covering the head with mayonnaise is a popular home remedy; however, it lacks the evidence of efficacy and proper investigation that over-the-counter treatments like permethrin have.