Which type of HPV is most commonly associated with cervical cancer?

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of over 150 related viruses, and specific types are more strongly associated with cervical cancer than others. Types 16 and 18 are considered high-risk HPV strains because they are known to be the most important factors contributing to the development of cervical cancer.

HPV 16 is particularly significant; it accounts for approximately 50-60% of all cervical cancer cases globally. It has potent oncogenic capabilities, meaning it has the ability to initiate and promote cancer formation. HPV 18 also contributes to cervical cancer but to a lesser extent than HPV 16. Together, they cause the majority of cervical cancer instances.

In contrast, HPV 6 and HPV 11 are primarily associated with benign conditions such as genital warts and low-grade lesions, and they do not have the same high oncogenic risk profile as HPV 16 and 18. Therefore, understanding which types of HPV are high-risk is crucial for preventative health measures, including vaccination and cervical cancer screening programs.